Virus disease is the main virus that affects the production of pepper in our country, and it occurs widely throughout the country. The incidence of pepper virus disease is high and spreads rapidly, generally reducing production by about 30%, severely up to more than 60%, or even losing production. Become a major limiting factor in pepper production.
1, damage symptoms
There are two main types of damage caused by pepper virus disease.
1 Mosaic necrosis type: caused by tobacco mosaic virus, irregular chlorosis of diseased leaves, mosaic of dark green and light green, brown necrotic spots on some leaves, resulting in falling leaves, falling flowers, falling fruit, resulting in The whole plant died.
2 Leaf malformation: Caused by cucumber mosaic virus, manifested as thickened leaves, smaller or fern leaves. The veins are chlorotic, shrinking, uneven and linear. Stems internode shortening, dwarfing plants, branches and leaves were plexiform. Diseased fruit showed spotted or necrotic spots, deformed, and easy to fall off.
2. Incidence conditions
The main route of transmission is the spread of locusts and thrips. High temperature and drought are not only beneficial to the occurrence of aphids, but also reduce the plant's ability to resist viruses. Viral diseases occur more severely. Late colonization, weight loss, prone to fat deficiency.
3, prevention and control technology
1 Selection of disease-resistant and disease-resistant varieties: Such as Zhongjiao No.2, Zhongjiao No.5 and Tianza No.2.
2 seed disinfection: soaking with water for 2 to 3 hours, and then soaked with 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 to 30 minutes, clean water after panning and germination, sowing.
3 Cultivate strong seedlings: disease-free seed collection, no disease soil seedlings, appropriate sowing. At the seedling stage, the aphids were controlled in time with 200-400 times of acaricidal water agent.
4 Strengthen field management: In the initial stage of disease, diseased strains are pulled out in time and destroyed outside the field. Apply organic fertilizers, increase phosphorus and potash fertilizers, improve the disease resistance of plants, and reduce disease; Early water supply in a timely manner, timely soil loosening after watering, increase ground temperature, promote hair rooting, and pay attention to ventilation in the medium term to prevent leggy and promote flower and fruit protection.
5 Chemical control: At the beginning of the disease, 1.8% of the water can be sprayed on the surface with a water-repellent agent of 6000 times to improve the disease resistance of the plant. The commonly used chemicals for chemical control include 20% virus A WP 500 times, and 1.5% PHYLosis 800 times. 10% of the zinc sulfate solution was sprayed 10 days before the planting, after the planting, and after the fruiting period, there was also a certain disease-preventing effect. The above medicines should be used in turn.
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