Autumn cabbage planting area in our province is relatively large, some farmers neglected the scientific prevention and treatment of autumn cabbage heart disease caused by the disease is more serious, resulting in the reduction of commercial value of Chinese cabbage, a direct impact on the income of vegetable farmers. The following describes the symptoms and prevention and treatment of the dry heart of autumn cabbage for the reference of growers.
First, the symptoms
Chinese cabbage dry heart is a physiological disease, mainly due to the lack of calcium. Cabbage dry heartburn mostly in the rosette period and the heart of the disease period, the victim leaves more in the middle of the leaf ball, often leaves a few layers of normal leaves appear a diseased leaf. The typical symptoms are the normal growth of the outer leaves. After peeling off the bulbs, part of the leaves can be seen to turn white, yellow, and dry from the leaf margins. The mesophyll is dry paper and the diseased leaves and normal leaves are easy to distinguish.
Second, prevention and control measures
1. Balanced fertilization. The base fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers. Mu Shi farmyard manure 4000 ~ 5000 kg, superphosphate 50 kg, potassium sulfate 15 kg, increase soil organic matter content, improve soil structure, promote plant robust growth. At the same time, we must choose land that is flat, loose in soil, and well-drained, and try not to choose low-lying saline-alkali land. The watering is even and the water quality is non-pollution. Acidic soil should be increased in lime and the pH of the soil should be adjusted.
2. Reasonably water. During the growth period of Chinese cabbage, the water supply should be even. In case of drought, it should be watered in time. Small water irrigation should be implemented to make the soil dry and dry. After irrigation, the soil should be cultivated in time to prevent compaction and improve soil structure. Do not flood flooding, so as not to damage the roots of the field by the pods, hinder the absorption. Especially during the rosette period, attention should be paid to the changes in soil moisture. When heavy rains occur, timely drainage is required.
3. Add calcium fertilizer. Foliar application of calcium fertilizer can not only promote the growth of Chinese cabbage and improve the quality, but also effectively prevent the occurrence of Chinese cabbage "dried heart." Usually starting from the rosette stage of Chinese cabbage, every 7 to 10 days, spray 0.7% calcium chloride and 50ppm naphthylacetate mixture solution or 1% calcium superphosphate solution 30kg to the heart leaf, spray 3 to 5 times.
4. Supplement with manganese fertilizer. In the rosette stage, spraying with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 0.1% manganese sulfate solution 30 kg foliar spray once every 7 days, and even spray 2 to 3 times, can also be mixed with calcium spray.
5. Scientific collocation. When planting Chinese cabbage, continuous cropping with cabbage, tomato, etc., which absorbs large quantities of calcium, should be avoided, and it can be planted with potatoes, onion, garlic, and green onions.
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