According to the geographic location and climate characteristics of the planting land, the microclimate conditions suitable for the growth of spruce are selected, especially the conditions of water and moisture. Under appropriate microclimate conditions, we must focus on selecting soils with deep soil, loose texture, and organic-rich soil. In areas with poor site conditions and less vegetation, we must strengthen cultivation measures to increase soil fertility. In order to ensure the resistance to negativity and wetness needed for growth of spruce, in 2002, we changed the traditional method of seedling planting at Wulasitai Township, selecting seedlings 50 cm high and digging pits 404050 cm, so that the seedlings were buried in pits of about 40 cm. Inside the hole, the cover soil is the same as normal seedlings. Using this deep hole seedling method, the seedlings are shaded and the evaporation of water is reduced. The survival rate reached 90% in that year.
Second, the site preparation
The land preparation method can adopt strip or block land preparation. Regardless of the method adopted, favorable drainage should be paid attention to. In the new cutting sites where there are few weeds and soil is soft, it is advisable to adopt a hole-like land preparation and to remove ground covers and dead branches. The pits have a size of 404,040 cm, and the pit depth must be dug to the pure soil layer. In the thick grassy weeds, large grass root discontinuity, the soil is more viscous grassland and the old felling land, it is advisable to take a sloped land preparation, with a width of 50 to 70 cm and a depth of 15 to 20 cm. No matter the band shape or hole shape should be made high outside and low, it is easy to collect rainwater for the growth of seedlings.
Third, planting density
To determine the density of spruce afforestation, comprehensive consideration must be given to spruce growth characteristics, site conditions, and economic effects. Spruce afforestation is mainly based on the cultivation of large diameter timber. Artificially planted spruce grew very slowly for the first few years. The annual growth of the tree is less than 10 cm. It grows faster after 15 years. The annual growth of the tree can reach 40 cm or more. The 40-year-old tree grows up to 18 meters. The tree canopy Radius up to 3 meters. At the present time, the plantation of Nyakker Forest Farm has a maximum age of 40 years. At that time, the spacing of the trees was 44 meters. This forest is densely airtight and often leaves deciduous yellow leaves. In recent years, the planting spacing of artificial forest plantations in Nileklin has generally been 21.8 meters. By investigating past forestation conditions, it was found that the forest was too dense and people could not pass it. This type of forest was unfavorable for tree growth, was prone to diseases and insect pests, and was subject to thinning. Under 40 years, the sharpness of the tree trunk is large, and the length is about ten meters. It is difficult to sell, and it is difficult to sell. Therefore, under the premise of guaranteeing survival, planting spacing can be set at 66 meters (more than 50 cm in seedling height).
Fourth, to create a mixed forest
At present, it is customary to build a pure spruce forest in production. Pure forests are highly risky, have serious pests and diseases, and have poor soil improvement and soil and water conservation. Therefore, more mixed forests are advocated. The construction of mixed forests is mainly to ensure that trees can grow rapidly and improve land availability. First of all, determine the spruce plant spacing 66 meters, in the spruce spacing, you can plant poplar, birch, plant spacing 1.51.5 meters, planting ratio 1:3, in better site conditions, mixed forest per 667 square meters Plant 200 to 320 plants.
V. Planting methods
Generally use hole planting, digging is not less than 30 to 40 cm square, depth of about 30 cm planting hole, the bottom of the hole should be flat, seedlings are planted, the root stretch, seedlings down to the hill, should be properly deep planting, expand the deep roots, Enhance the ability of cold resistance, cover the soil carefully, prevent roots, lay solid, and then cover some loose soil on the top, so that the pit outside the high and low.
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