"Zhao Zao Hong Peach" is a newly developed peach variety cultivated in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province. This variety stands out for its early maturity, vibrant red skin, crisp and tender flesh, and a sweet, pure flavor. It performs exceptionally well in both open-field and greenhouse cultivation, making it an ideal choice for growers seeking high yield and quality.
**Variety Characteristics**
1. The variety requires 600–700 hours of chilling to break dormancy, allowing it to ripen as early as May 1st if grown in greenhouses before the New Year.
2. It produces fruit quickly—within two years of planting seedlings. In greenhouse conditions, it can bear marketable fruit just 14 months after planting, making it a top choice for fast-growing production systems.
3. The maturation period is early, with a total growth period of about 55 days from flowering to harvest. In open fields, it typically matures around May 25th.
4. The fruits are round and flat, symmetrical, with beautiful coloration and minimal hair. On average, each fruit weighs 135 grams, with some reaching up to 225 grams.
5. Known for its sweetness, crisp texture, and tender flesh, this variety has a sugar content of 17.6%. Its small core and semi-nuclear structure result in a very high edible rate of 98.3%.
6. The fruit is firm and hard-soluble, which makes it highly resistant to storage and transportation. Even after ripening, it remains firm for more than 20 days on the tree. As it continues to develop, the fruit changes color from red to purple, and the flesh turns reddish, showing the core state, but the pulp remains crisp and not soft.
7. The variety is self-pollinating, with strong yields and no fruit cracking issues. Under normal cultivation, it can produce between 2,500 to 3,500 kg per mu (667 square meters).
**Cultivation Techniques**
1. **Tree Shape and Spacing**: For open-field cultivation, the tree shape can be either a three-main-branch happy shape or a free spindle shape, with recommended spacing of 3m x 4m or 2m x 4m. In greenhouses, the trunk-free or inverted "person" shape is preferred, with spacing of 2m x 1m.
2. **Fruit Thinning**: Due to its high fruit set, thinning is essential. Conduct thinning 10–15 days after flowering, leaving 3–4 fruits on long branches and 1 fruit on short ones. Aim to keep around 1,200–15,000 fruits per 667 square meters.
3. **Fertilization**: Apply 2–3 cubic meters of organic fertilizer per 667 square meters before bud break. During fruit expansion, use 30 kg of diammonium phosphate, and after harvest, apply 40 kg of compound fertilizer. Another 2–3 cubic meters of organic fertilizer should be added after leaf fall. Foliar fertilization is recommended once a week from fruit enlargement until maturity.
4. **Summer Pruning**: Remove non-fruiting, upright, leafless, and weak branches after fruit set. During the early fruit stage, prune vigorous branches from the outer canopy and remove old or weak branches.
5. **Pest and Disease Control**: Focus on controlling peach aphids and bacterial spot. Before bud break, apply 3–5°Bé lime sulfur to manage overwintering pests. Spray 10% earthworm solution at 1,500 times dilution before and after flowering to control aphids. For bacterial spot, apply 70% thiophanate-methyl at 800–1,000 times dilution during the early stages of infection.
This variety offers excellent potential for commercial growers looking for early maturing, high-quality, and easy-to-manage peaches. With proper care and techniques, it can deliver impressive yields and superior fruit quality.
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