Improving the conception rate of dairy cows is a key measure for the production performance and economic benefits of dairy cows. Now based on the author's practical experience, talk about several effective measures to increase the conception rate of dairy cows.
Paying attention to checking the incidence of postpartum cows is generally high. If they are not checked and treated in time, it will cause infertility. In the past, the breeder only took care of breeding, did not pay attention to prevention and control, and usually did not pay attention to the inspection of diseased cows. It was often found in the late stage of breeding, and then the veterinarian needed to treat them. It was difficult to recover and the fertility rate hovered around 75%. In recent years, through the use of mating staff to cure difficult-to-pregnant cows, the incidence of cows was found to be the highest from 20 days to 30 days after delivery. The majority of diseases detected by rectal and vaginal examinations were endometritis, neckitis, vaginitis, and ovary inflammation. The incidence of organ diseases, especially endometritis, is the highest, accounting for more than 48% of adult cows. Due to timely detection and proper treatment, the cure rate is over 98%. Practice has proved that an effective method to treat difficult-to-threatening dairy cows: 1. Inject 500,000 glucose units into penicillin and 100,000 units of streptomycin after injecting 1 to 6 times infertile dairy cows into the uterus. The effect is very good. 2. For zealous non-functioning cows, use 2 ml of 0.5% neostigmine for 3 times, 48 ​​hours apart, and at the same time for the third time, inject 1000 ml of maternal serum to effectively recover Ovarian function. 3. For the cows with long-term ovarian dysfunction and ovarian cysts, the 6-day oleoresin progesterone was injected for 5 days, and then 2000 units of gestational horse serum were injected to make 85% of the cows conceived. 4. Protracted luteinized cows were injected with prostaglandin 25 mg in the same period from the 8th to the 12th day of estrus.
Scientific use of drugs to promote the ovulation of cows estrus pregnancy, cows were injected with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog 10 micrograms before, after 2 hours of luteinizing hormone secretion peak, can increase fertility rate by 15%. 5 minutes to 7 minutes after insemination, intramuscular injection of oxytocin 40 units, can increase the fertility rate by 21%, postpartum fertility interval shortened by 10 days to 18 days, postpartum first and second love applications, the pregnancy rate was 81% and 78%, fine index of 1.2 and 1.3, the effect is significant. Intramuscular injection of vitamins (VA, VE, VD), on the day of insemination of cows and on the 5th day, intramuscular injection of VA 575,000 units, VD10 units,
VE 100 mg, can increase the first affection rate by 8%, postpartum reduction of the fetal interval by 14 days, insemination index by 0.25; 20 days, 25 days and 30 days after calving, respectively.
VA 575,000 units can significantly improve the conception rate of cows.
Grasping the good times and grasping the timeliness of the conditions of the cows is the most important step in improving the conception rate. Pay attention to five aspects: 1. Pay attention to observing cows' estrus. After 20 days of cow calving, it is necessary to observe whether it is estrus. The main symptoms of cows with estrus are: excitement, lack of food, barking, restlessness, lactation, lowering of the two hind legs, waist and frequent urination, and the tail often lifts or Shake, genital relaxation, swelling, mucosal hyperemia, flushing, rectal examination of the ovarian volume increased by about 2 cm, and fluctuations, indicating that the follicles reach maturity and close to ovulation, then the most appropriate breeding. 2. Grasp the exact infusion time. The duration of estrus in dairy cows is 1 day to 2 days. Ovulation is 10 hours to 11 hours after the end of estrus. Therefore, 12 to 18 hours after estrus in dairy cows, that is, the highest insemination rate is between 6 hours and 24 hours before ovulation. Normal morning estrus breeding in the afternoon 1 times, night or the next morning and then compounded 1 times; evening estrus on the second day of morning and afternoon infusion 1 times. However, according to the statistics of the ovulation rate of dairy cows within one day, ovulation accounted for 50% from 22 o'clock to 3 o'clock, 14% from 3 o'clock to 10 o'clock, 16% from 10 o'clock to 15 o'clock, and 20% from 15 o'clock to 22 o'clock. Therefore, nocturnal loss occurred. High fertility rate. 3. To select high-quality frozen semen, the main is to use frozen sperm with good vigor, that is, thawing semen survived at 37 °C for more than 8 hours, the acrosome integrity rate was more than 40%, and sperm motility was higher than 0.35, the conception rate was higher. 4. To take a scientific insemination method. The main use of rectal grasp cervical insemination method, the advantage is the conception rate is high, the cow is not painful, easy to operate, be careful not to give birth to abortion after the insemination of pregnant cows. 5. To master the precise insemination site, insert the tip of the vas deferens into the cervix after insemination, then slowly advance forward, insert the base of the right corner (about 1 cm in front of the inner cervix), push the semen Into. Because the right ovary has more chances of ovulation, accounting for more than 60%, so choosing the exact site of insemination is one of the key links in improving conception rate.
Strengthen management Strengthen the feeding and management of dairy cows and feed a reasonable diet is a key measure to ensure the health of dairy cows and effectively prevent nutritional infertility. Cows that are too fat or too thin can cause estrus abnormalities and affect fertility. Feed should be diversified, and green and juicy feed, silage, high-quality hay, fine material, etc. must be properly matched to maintain proper dietary standards; certain outdoor sports and sufficient sunshine baths should be guaranteed, and cows and cows must be emphasized at the same time. Body sanitation, especially during confinement, breeding, childbirth, and vaginal examinations, should be strictly disinfected, which can effectively improve the conception rate of cows and prevent the infection of genital organs and mastitis; the early stage of high nutritional level is lower than the level of nutrition. Generally, cows can start breeding at 15 months to 17 months of age and weighing about 350 kg. The stopping period of the reproductive ability of dairy cows is generally between 12 and 15 years old, ie, the breeding ability is lost.
Paying attention to checking the incidence of postpartum cows is generally high. If they are not checked and treated in time, it will cause infertility. In the past, the breeder only took care of breeding, did not pay attention to prevention and control, and usually did not pay attention to the inspection of diseased cows. It was often found in the late stage of breeding, and then the veterinarian needed to treat them. It was difficult to recover and the fertility rate hovered around 75%. In recent years, through the use of mating staff to cure difficult-to-pregnant cows, the incidence of cows was found to be the highest from 20 days to 30 days after delivery. The majority of diseases detected by rectal and vaginal examinations were endometritis, neckitis, vaginitis, and ovary inflammation. The incidence of organ diseases, especially endometritis, is the highest, accounting for more than 48% of adult cows. Due to timely detection and proper treatment, the cure rate is over 98%. Practice has proved that an effective method to treat difficult-to-threatening dairy cows: 1. Inject 500,000 glucose units into penicillin and 100,000 units of streptomycin after injecting 1 to 6 times infertile dairy cows into the uterus. The effect is very good. 2. For zealous non-functioning cows, use 2 ml of 0.5% neostigmine for 3 times, 48 ​​hours apart, and at the same time for the third time, inject 1000 ml of maternal serum to effectively recover Ovarian function. 3. For the cows with long-term ovarian dysfunction and ovarian cysts, the 6-day oleoresin progesterone was injected for 5 days, and then 2000 units of gestational horse serum were injected to make 85% of the cows conceived. 4. Protracted luteinized cows were injected with prostaglandin 25 mg in the same period from the 8th to the 12th day of estrus.
Scientific use of drugs to promote the ovulation of cows estrus pregnancy, cows were injected with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog 10 micrograms before, after 2 hours of luteinizing hormone secretion peak, can increase fertility rate by 15%. 5 minutes to 7 minutes after insemination, intramuscular injection of oxytocin 40 units, can increase the fertility rate by 21%, postpartum fertility interval shortened by 10 days to 18 days, postpartum first and second love applications, the pregnancy rate was 81% and 78%, fine index of 1.2 and 1.3, the effect is significant. Intramuscular injection of vitamins (VA, VE, VD), on the day of insemination of cows and on the 5th day, intramuscular injection of VA 575,000 units, VD10 units,
VE 100 mg, can increase the first affection rate by 8%, postpartum reduction of the fetal interval by 14 days, insemination index by 0.25; 20 days, 25 days and 30 days after calving, respectively.
VA 575,000 units can significantly improve the conception rate of cows.
Grasping the good times and grasping the timeliness of the conditions of the cows is the most important step in improving the conception rate. Pay attention to five aspects: 1. Pay attention to observing cows' estrus. After 20 days of cow calving, it is necessary to observe whether it is estrus. The main symptoms of cows with estrus are: excitement, lack of food, barking, restlessness, lactation, lowering of the two hind legs, waist and frequent urination, and the tail often lifts or Shake, genital relaxation, swelling, mucosal hyperemia, flushing, rectal examination of the ovarian volume increased by about 2 cm, and fluctuations, indicating that the follicles reach maturity and close to ovulation, then the most appropriate breeding. 2. Grasp the exact infusion time. The duration of estrus in dairy cows is 1 day to 2 days. Ovulation is 10 hours to 11 hours after the end of estrus. Therefore, 12 to 18 hours after estrus in dairy cows, that is, the highest insemination rate is between 6 hours and 24 hours before ovulation. Normal morning estrus breeding in the afternoon 1 times, night or the next morning and then compounded 1 times; evening estrus on the second day of morning and afternoon infusion 1 times. However, according to the statistics of the ovulation rate of dairy cows within one day, ovulation accounted for 50% from 22 o'clock to 3 o'clock, 14% from 3 o'clock to 10 o'clock, 16% from 10 o'clock to 15 o'clock, and 20% from 15 o'clock to 22 o'clock. Therefore, nocturnal loss occurred. High fertility rate. 3. To select high-quality frozen semen, the main is to use frozen sperm with good vigor, that is, thawing semen survived at 37 °C for more than 8 hours, the acrosome integrity rate was more than 40%, and sperm motility was higher than 0.35, the conception rate was higher. 4. To take a scientific insemination method. The main use of rectal grasp cervical insemination method, the advantage is the conception rate is high, the cow is not painful, easy to operate, be careful not to give birth to abortion after the insemination of pregnant cows. 5. To master the precise insemination site, insert the tip of the vas deferens into the cervix after insemination, then slowly advance forward, insert the base of the right corner (about 1 cm in front of the inner cervix), push the semen Into. Because the right ovary has more chances of ovulation, accounting for more than 60%, so choosing the exact site of insemination is one of the key links in improving conception rate.
Strengthen management Strengthen the feeding and management of dairy cows and feed a reasonable diet is a key measure to ensure the health of dairy cows and effectively prevent nutritional infertility. Cows that are too fat or too thin can cause estrus abnormalities and affect fertility. Feed should be diversified, and green and juicy feed, silage, high-quality hay, fine material, etc. must be properly matched to maintain proper dietary standards; certain outdoor sports and sufficient sunshine baths should be guaranteed, and cows and cows must be emphasized at the same time. Body sanitation, especially during confinement, breeding, childbirth, and vaginal examinations, should be strictly disinfected, which can effectively improve the conception rate of cows and prevent the infection of genital organs and mastitis; the early stage of high nutritional level is lower than the level of nutrition. Generally, cows can start breeding at 15 months to 17 months of age and weighing about 350 kg. The stopping period of the reproductive ability of dairy cows is generally between 12 and 15 years old, ie, the breeding ability is lost.
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