I. Facilities Construction
1. Site Selection: Choose the backyard of your home to construct a pond, utilizing groundwater or tap water as the primary source for breeding. Ensure the area is well-ventilated and easily accessible for maintenance.
2. Dianchi Lake Construction: Build the pond using single bricks, with dimensions of 2 meters in length and 1 meter in width, totaling 2 square meters. The interior and exterior walls, as well as the bottom surface, should be cemented for durability. The wall height should be approximately 50 centimeters. Install a T-shaped structure near the top of the walls to prevent escape. A 10 cm diameter plastic-rubber pipe should be placed 30 cm above the base to act as an overflow system. The pool's bottom should slope slightly towards the drainage outlet, ensuring efficient water drainage. The drainage system should connect to the main sewer line. Walls and the bottom surface within 20 cm of the floor should be tiled for better hygiene. Use iron wire nets on the spillways and drains to prevent escape, and plug them with corks when not in use.
3. Water Reservoir Construction: For every 10 square meters of the breeding pond, construct a water reservoir with a capacity of 1.5 cubic meters. Use red bricks for construction, and ensure that all internal and external corners and the base are properly cemented. Install an outlet pipe at the bottom of the tank. The reservoir’s bottom should be raised by 20 cm above the level of the breeding pond. The bottom of the reservoir should also have a slight slope to facilitate drainage. Regularly clean the outlets and control them with valves to maintain water quality and ensure a safe and continuous water supply.
II. Breeding Technology Points
1. Pond Preparation: After constructing the Dianchi Lake, fill it with water and let it sit for 10 days. Then, apply a lime solution (0.2 kg of lime per 10 liters of water) to disinfect the pond and surrounding area. One month before introducing seedlings, fill the pond with 20 cm of water and place tiles inside to encourage the growth of algae and other microorganisms, which help reduce light reflection. One week before releasing the seedlings, add some washed and disinfected peanuts around the edges of the pond, leaving the center open as a feeding area for the yellow locusts. Also, introduce one quail and a few loaches into each pond to help maintain balance.
2. Seedling Stocking: It is best to purchase seedlings in early April. Select healthy individuals that are active, well-proportioned, and free from injuries. Ideally, there should be about 30 seedlings per kilogram. Avoid mixing different sizes in the same pond. Before stocking, soak the seedlings in a 3% saline solution for about 5 minutes. Stock at a rate of 5 kg per square meter to ensure that the fish reach a marketable size of over 150 grams by the end of the season.
3. Feeding: When the water temperature reaches 18°C or higher, begin feeding the crickets. Initially, the seedlings may not eat on their own, but after a few days, they will adapt. Start by offering live quails or small pieces of fresh shank meat cut into 4 cm x 1 cm pieces. After a few days, transition to artificial feed made from wheat flour and fishmeal, processed into small bar-shaped pellets. Feed once daily in the evening, providing 3%-5% of the total weight of the fish in the pond. Place the food in the center of the pond to make observation easier and simplify the removal of leftover bait.
4. Daily Management: Conduct regular inspections of the pond in the morning and evening to detect any signs of illness. Promptly isolate and treat affected fish. Monitor water quality closely, changing the water every 3-5 days during normal seasons and daily during hot weather. Always change the water in the morning. If the temperature exceeds 28°C, use a shade cloth to cool the pond effectively.
5. Disease Prevention: Due to the strong sense of smell of these fish, they are highly sensitive to chemical odors. Therefore, avoid using drugs frequently, as this can significantly reduce their appetite or even cause them to stop eating altogether. Instead, focus on ecological methods such as stocking grasshoppers and loaches to naturally control pests and maintain a healthy environment. Try to minimize or avoid the use of chemicals for disease prevention.
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