I. Early filling irrigation, scientific control of water
In China, sweet potatoes are in the late growth stage, and the growth of stems and leaves gradually slows down. The tubers begin to expand rapidly. This is the critical period for water demand. Water should be removed in a timely manner in areas with large amounts of rainfall. Harmful when the drought is severe, watering should be timely. Watering can use sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. If the depth of flood irrigation is 1/3 of the ridge height, the amount of irrigation should be properly reduced in the later period to prevent excessive soil moisture and affect the expansion or formation of tubers. Diseased potatoes, rotten potatoes, should stop watering before harvesting.
Second, clever fertilization, promote swelling, high yield
Sweet potatoes are good potassium crops. Potassium is easily fixed in the soil and is not easy to move. The application of potash fertilizer at a later stage can improve the yield and quality of sweet potatoes. As the saying goes, “a sweet potato ash, a lot of sweet potato knotsâ€.
It must be remembered that sweet potatoes are fertilized with chlorinated fertilizer. Sweet potato fertilization mastered two periods, the pre-expansion period is the crack period and late expansion.
1. Reapply cracking fertilizer.
"Crack fertilizer" is very important for improving the yield and quality of sweet potato. When cracks appear on the ground in the early stage of expansion, cracking fertilizer can be applied to promote the nutrient to continue to the roots and promote root enlargement and increase production. Can use 3% ~ 5% of potassium sulfate, 15% ~ 20% of the ash leaching, can also be used 1% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer, 150-200kg per mu, if the sweet potato growth is weak, you can properly add urea, about 5kg .
Planting gray water: Add 10 kg water and 50 kg of water to the plant ash, soak for 4 hours and take the filtrate. When applying cracking fertilizer, it can be combined with irrigation by means of pipettes or sprinkler irrigation. Without pipetting and fertilizing facilities, artificial irrigation can also be used. However, because the efficiency is too low, it is rarely used now, and flood irrigation can also be applied with water, but Mastering the amount of irrigation, the effects of over- or under-sizing are not good, and the fertilizer must be fully diluted to prevent the fertilizer from concentrating on the fertilizer.
2, Qiao complement root fertilizer.
In the late stage of sweet potato expansion, with the increase in the amount of fertilizer required and the gradual aging of sweet potato roots, the absorption ability of the root system weakened and the phenomenon of defermentation was apt to occur. The defertilized plots can be topdressed with fertilizers for timely supplementation, prolong photosynthesis, prevent premature aging, and increase sweet potato yield and quality. Every 6 67 square meters available .0 5 % urea solution or .0 2 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or 2 % a 3 % superphosphate solution or 5% plant grey water 75-100 kg and even spray 2 3 times each time One week apart. The extra-root dressing in the late-expansion period has a very significant effect on the improvement of the yield and quality of sweet potatoes. Do not overlook this work.
Third, mention Wang Man Wang, cleverly received tender tips
1, mention vines.
Sweet potatoes do not advocate turning vines, turning vines will destroy the normal distribution structure of the leaves, resulting in a decrease in the overall photosynthetic efficiency, photosynthetic products decreased, affecting the normal accumulation of nutrients in the roots, resulting in reduced yield. After the sweet potato has been ridged, in order to prevent the roots of the stalks from becoming rooted and causing nutrient depletion, the sweet potatoes should be escalated in time. The method is: When the field is watered or rained, lift the stem by hand and move it to another place, so that the original leaf layer will not be disturbed, the normal photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves will be maintained, the lumbar roots will be broken, and the nutrients will be supplied. Focused on the main root, the sweet potato vines generally have a significant increase in yield.
2, harvest tender tips.
In combination with sweet potato vines, over-prosperous sweet potato fields can be harvested from prosperous new shoots, bundled into bundles, and sold as commodities. In this regard, sweet potato stem pods are fully utilized as a vegetable supply market, allowing potato farmers to obtain in advance. A portion of the income, and most importantly, the effective control of the growth of sweet potato shoots in conjunction with vines, is conducive to the full expansion of underground tubers, thereby achieving high yields.
3, weeding as appropriate.
The late growth period of sweet potato is the season when weeds thrive. Weeds not only compete with the shoots on the shoots for growth, affecting ventilation and light transmission, but also compete with the underground potato block for soil nutrients. Some of the weeds also contribute to the development of the potato block. Deformity affects the yield and quality of sweet potatoes. Therefore, field weeds should be determined according to the type of disease that occurs with good severity. Vicious weeds must be removed in a timely manner. For some common weeds, they can be properly relaxed without affecting the normal growth of sweet potatoes, allowing the field to grow in appropriate numbers. Weeds.
Every time the field management, especially when weeding, will often destroy the soil layer covered by the tubers, the exposed tubers will become “outcropsâ€, the quality will decline, and the sales will be affected. We must pay attention to timely soil cultivation.
Fourth, pest control,
During the growth of sweet potato, there are few diseases in general. In the middle and late stages of growth, field insect pests mainly consist of sweet potato sweet moth, sweetpotato larvae and sweet potato white planthoppers. The former two are leaf-feeding pests, and they mainly eat leaves. The leaf loss rate can reach 20% to 30%, affecting the formation of photosynthetic products can be timely control, if the leaf loss rate is less than 10%, because the sweet potato leaf area is relatively large, almost no effect on the yield, you can not need to control.
Sweet potato white rice planthoppers also commonly occur in potato fields. Most of them are scattered on the back of the leaves and suck juice. As a result, the wilting of the leaves is not straight, which affects the yield and quality of sweet potatoes. Control methods: Sweet potato moth and sweet potato moth can be used for the prevention and treatment of A-dimensional salt, high-efficiency Chlorohydrogen, and other highly effective and low-toxicity pesticides; Sweet potato white planthopper has a tendency to yellow, yellow traps can be used to kill.
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