Insect netting is widely used in the cultivation of leafy vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, summer cabbage, spinach, lettuce, cauliflower, radishes, and other similar crops. It is also effective for eggplants, peppers, tomatoes, melons like watermelon, pumpkin, and gourds, as well as various legumes. This method is particularly useful in greenhouses and seedling nurseries to protect crops from pests.
The coverage methods vary depending on the setup. In greenhouses, insect nets are directly placed over the framework, with soil or bricks used to secure the edges tightly. The support pipes are fastened with lamination lines, leaving the main entrance open for easy access. For small arch structures, the insect net is stretched over the top and sealed around the edges. Watering can be done directly onto the net until harvest. Another method involves horizontal scaffolding that covers up to 1 hectare of land, using insect nets across the entire area. This approach is cost-effective, saving both netting and supporting structures, and is easy to manage.
Key technical points include selecting suitable varieties that are resistant to heat, disease, and pests. For Sichuan region, recommended varieties include Chinese cabbage (Beijing No. 61, Beijing Orange Red Heart, Spring and Summer King, etc.), cabbage (Xiaguang, Zhengchun, Yanchun, Zhonggan 16-20), lettuce (Daibai), huacai (Snow Mountain, Baiyu, Baiyang), peppers (Zhongjiao No. 6, 13, 16, 12), and eggplants (white and purple long eggplants). Other crops such as oilseed rape, wheat, spinach, peas, green beans, leeks, cucumbers, and melons can also benefit from this technique.
Choosing the right insect net is crucial. A mesh size of 20-25 with a wire diameter of 0.18mm and a width of 1.2-3.6 meters is generally recommended. White nets are commonly used, but silver-gray or black-gray nets can enhance shading and help repel certain pests like aphids. Proper installation is essential—nets must be securely fastened around the edges to prevent pests from entering. When using small arches, ensure the height of the structure is higher than the crop to avoid contact between leaves and the net, which could lead to pest infestation. Regular checks should be conducted to identify and repair any holes or gaps.
Field management under insect nets requires attention. Since the nets do not significantly reduce light, there is no need to remove them at night or cover them during the day. However, in strong winds (5-6 levels), the net should be secured with tension lines to prevent it from lifting. During hot summer months, increasing irrigation can help maintain lower temperatures inside the net, ensuring optimal growing conditions for the crops.
Precautions include using organic fertilizers, biological pesticides, and clean water sources to maintain environmental safety. Farmers should also monitor weather conditions, especially during storms or high winds, and take preventive measures against pests and viral diseases. By following these practices, insect netting can significantly improve crop yield and quality while reducing chemical inputs.
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