The UK may soon become the first country in the world to explicitly allow the birth of genetically modified embryos containing three-dimensional DNA. At the same time, new research suggests that this cure to remove DNA-induced disease therapy in mitochondria is not 100% effective.
The British Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA) scientific adviser said on November 30 that after 20 years of research, the therapy has been used in limited clinical trials. The therapy replaces one mother's wrong mitochondria with healthy mitochondria from another female egg. The result: a “three-parent†baby from the father, mother, and third donor DNA.
The HFEA will decide whether to approve clinical trials of this therapy at a meeting on December 15. If it can pass, a spokesperson said that the first step of treatment is soon expected to appear in March or April 2017.
"I hope that once the green light is on, we will be able to release the button at the first time." Newcastle University reproductive biologist Mary Herbert said his team is exploring treatments for infertile women.
The UK government has legalized mitochondrial replacement therapy in 2015, but the HFEA, as the agency that regulates the technology, requires more research before licensing any clinical trials. Fertility experts have said this year that they have already carried out related therapies in countries such as Mexico and Ukraine, and that these countries have no laws to stop the therapy. Some researchers say this makes it even more urgent to approve the therapy in the UK.
One step in mitochondrial replacement therapy - the pipette is extracting nuclear genetic material from an unfertilized egg.
Image source: Oregon University of Health Sciences Embryonic Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Center
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