In recent years, the reproductive diseases of sows have been very serious. Therefore, the immunization of the major reproductive disorders of reserve pigs is the key to ensure the safe production of swine. Now, the immunization issue for spare pigs is briefly described.
1 The production and importance of good immunity for spare pigs
After the first injection of the vaccine to the pig, the corresponding antibody will be produced after a certain period of time. At this time, the antibody titer is low and the duration of maintenance is short. It does not have the ability to resist the invasion of pathogens, but it lays the foundation for the establishment of effective immunity later. As a result, this immunity is called immunity based on this. When the same kind of vaccine is vaccinated for a certain period of time in the future, the memory reaction of the memory cells generated after the first inoculation can be induced, and it can quickly produce antibodies with high titer and longer maintenance period, and this time Can achieve the ability to resist the corresponding pathogens, called immunity to this immune. However, after a while, the antibody titer will gradually decline until it disappears, so regular, second, third, and multiple booster immunizations are needed. Each time, the memory cells are stimulated to rapidly raise the antibody, allowing the antibody to drip. Degree is maintained at an appropriate level. The success of booster immunization is based on basic immunization, so there is no need for booster immunization without basic immunization.
The immunization of spare pigs has a special status of inheritance. The pig farm needs to replenish up to 40% of the reserve pigs each year. The number of mummified first-born pigs, the proportion of mummified firstborns and stillbirths is the highest. The rate of acute deaths and diseases of the piglets produced is the highest. These are closely related to the immunization status of the reserve pigs. Associated. Therefore, the immunization of spare pigs is the most important aspect of swine immunization.
2 Main Diseases and Procedures for Pigs to be Immunized
Immunization of spare pigs should be based on the immunization of nursery pigs and focus on the prevention of severe infectious diseases and reproductive disorders.
2.l Porcine warts were vaccinated once every 4 months and 25 days before breeding on the basis of 25 to 35 days of age and 60 to 70 days of age. Each time, 5 pigs cell seedlings or 1 or 2 piglet tissue vaccines were used. Do not use triple vaccines such as swine fever, swine erysipelas, and swine pneumoconiosis to avoid the consequences of immune failure in swine fever.
2.2 Foot-and-mouth disease in piglets On the basis of immunization of piglets 40-45 days old, they were inoculated once at 100 days and 25 days before mating. Foot-and-mouth disease O-type and Asia-type I bivalent inactivated concentrates should be used as indicated.
2.3 Pseudorabies in pigs has been vaccinated once at the time of weaning. On the basis of 70 days of age and 20 days prior to the breeding, l inoculations are performed and inactivated vaccines are used. Positive fields can be used to remove live seedlings.
2.4 Porcine parvoviruses were inoculated once with inactivated vaccines 50 days and 30 days before mating.
2.5 Swine Encephalitis B In April, gilts were inoculated once 30 days before the start of breeding, and were either attenuated or inactivated.
2.6 Pig blue ear disease Inactivated seedlings are inoculated once at 5 months of age and again after 14 days. Live seedlings are not available due to the risk of introducing new strains.
2.7 Swine Streptococcus disease In swine areas or in summer and autumn, pigs weighing more than 20 kg are vaccinated and reinoculated once in two weeks. Serotype c or type II vaccines should be selected for local epidemics, and bivalent vaccines can also be used. In general areas can not be inoculated.
2.8 Porcine gasping Inoculated with inactivated vaccines at 5 to 7 days of intramuscular injection, followed by booster inoculation once in 2 weeks and again in 1-2 months before mating.
2.9 Transmissible gastroenteritis and epidemic diarrhea In high-risk areas, high-titer maternal antibodies are provided to newborn piglets to effectively protect the piglets they produce. They can be fed to gilts at 5 to 7 months of age. Infectious substances, such as minced piglets' small intestine, intestinal contents and feces, are fed 1-2 days at a time, once every two weeks for a total of 2-3 times. The protective antibodies obtained from "infectious substances" are highly targeted, have high titer and last for a long time, and have very good immune protection. In the use of "infectious substances" should be limited to a certain range, and do a good job after disinfection to prevent the expansion of infection.
3 Precautions
After the 3.l pigs, including the reserve boar and gilts, do not miss the boar.
3.2 There are many types and brands of vaccines for preventing the same disease. Read their respective specifications in detail before use. When in doubt, make sure that you have technical advice.
3.3 The recommended immunization time can be advanced or delayed within 7 days. Two inactivated vaccines or one inactivated vaccine and another attenuated vaccine vaccine can be inoculated on the same day, and two attenuated virus vaccines should be avoided on the same day.
3.4 Within 7 days before and after inoculation of bacterial attenuated virus such as swine streptococcosis and asthma, sensitive antibacterial drugs should be avoided.
3.5 The immune status of pigs in nursery should be investigated clearly. In order to properly adjust the spare pig's immunization program.
3.6 After the outsourcing, the pigs should try their best to understand the actual immunization type and time so as to supplement the necessary vaccination. In breeding nurseries and sports fields, several healthy old sows were put in polyculture for a certain period of time, so that out-of-gauge pigs were infected and adapted to the micro-organisms in the field and the corresponding immunity was generated.
3.7 There are many factors that cause immune antibody titer is not enough, and it is difficult to find, so should be in the 6-7 months of age to do the immune antibody level detection of major diseases, found that antibody titers are insufficient should take timely remedial measures.
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