In order to continue the healthy development of the shrimp culture, we must pay attention to the following key factors.
First, pay attention to the breeding environment Green shrimp is a kind of strong environmental adaptability, in the natural environment, its water quality requirements are not high, strong resistance to disease. However, in the process of intensive cultivation, with the increase of the breeding density, the number of green shrimp in a unit volume is large, and the method of feeding and management is unscientific, the environment of water quality is poor, and it is easy to induce disease. It can be seen from the current culture of shrimp culture that whether it is pond cultivation or paddy field cultivation, the water depth is about 0.5m lower than the water depth of 1.2m, and the commercial shrimp has a small size and poor shell color, and it is susceptible to many diseases. Therefore, in the breeding process, we must first pay attention to the breeding environment. First, choose a good breeding ground, the water source is refreshing and non-polluting. First, prepare aquaculture ponds with an aquaculture pond area of ​​6-10 mu, a water depth of 1.20-1.5m, and a slope of 1:1.25 or 1:1.3. For example, the paddy field should be ploughed with shrimps, with a width of 3-5m and a ditch depth of 1m. Third, aquaculture ponds should be cleaned thoroughly every year, using 100-150kg of quicklime per metre of water, or 7.5-10kg of bromochloroheine, to completely kill wild fish and pathogenic bacteria.
Second, pay attention to the quality of seedlings The self-reproducing characteristics of the shrimp make it a wide source of seed, usually produced from lakes, rivers, ditches, reservoirs of natural young shrimp is the main source of shrimp breeding shrimp. Recently, with the promotion of the shrimp culture technology, the artificial propagation technology of pond and shrimp has been popularized. The farmers are trying to make it convenient or cost-saving. They do not change shrimps every year, they don't clear the ponds continuously, and the cultured shrimps are reared and reared. Inbreeding occurs. Severe, leading to the deterioration of its traits, small size, poor disease resistance and so on. The quality of the shrimps in North Korea has a direct impact on the quality and aquaculture production of shrimps. It is better that the shrimps sprout from the natural breeding of shrimps. The specifications are neat, the crystals are bright, and the jumping ability is strong. Artificial reproduction requires large-scale egg-holding shrimps to be parents, and conditions can be used to cross-breed high-quality male and female shrimps in the two places in order to improve the traits of the offspring.
Third, pay attention to rational stocking Reasonable control of stocking is the key to improving commodity rates. From the aquaculture situation, the ponds with the correct number and reasonable stocking have high yields, large specifications, high commodity rates, and good returns. Since the breeding of ponds cannot estimate the stocking amount, the feeding amount is not accurate, the commodity rate is low, and the benefit is not ideal. The shrimps stocked in June-July should have a specification of 140-1600-1/kg and a mu of 50,000-70,000. Such as the purchase of egg-bearing shrimp since the multiplication, it is best not to hold the eggs instead of shrimp into the pool directly into the pool, should set up breeding ponds pond breeding, until the shrimp body length 1cm after the number of stocking. Avoid excessive or too little stocking.
Fourth, pay attention to water quality management Although easy to cultivate and manage the green shrimp, the adaptability to the environment is strong, but the quality of water quality will affect the growth of shrimp and commercial shrimp quality. From a practical point of view, sloppy management, shallow water, poor water quality, and miscellaneous wild fish are often the main factors for low aquaculture production and poor aquaculture efficiency. In the management, we must first pay attention to cleaning, management, and drainage management to prevent the entry of wild fish into the aquaculture water and affect the feeding of the shrimp. Secondly, we must manage the water quality. The water color of the shrimps should be green and the water quality should be kept tender. , Fertilizer, transparency to 25-30cm is appropriate; into the shrimp stage to constantly change the water, the water is better to tender green, water quality to keep live, cool, rich in oxygen, the transparency of 30-35cm. At the same time, lime is splashed once every two weeks to increase the pH and increase the calcium ion in the water to promote healthy and rapid growth of the shrimp.
5. Pay attention to the quality of feedstuffs Green prawn is an omnivorous aquatic animal with a wide range of food habits. It feeds on plant debris, aquatic insects and various animal carcasses under natural conditions. In the case of high-density farming, quality feed is the key to high-yield culture. At present, some farmers blindly save production and production costs. They are fed or rough-processed raw materials such as sorghum, wheat bran, and soybean meal as pellets. As a result, the feed is lost more, the water quality is harder to control, the yield is lower, and the commodity shrimp has a small size. The shrimp feed should be based on high-quality and high-efficiency compound feeds, so that the feed quantity can be correctly grasped, less lost and used more, the feed coefficient can be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, the sludge deposition can be reduced, and the healthy culture can be implemented.
Six, pay attention to disease prevention In the recent years of shrimp culture, aquaculture diseases increase year by year, aquaculture benefits decline. Farming diseases should be mainly prevention and control. Clear ponds must be cleared from clear ponds, choose good species, raise good water, and cast good materials. Layers should be good for prevention and control, so that the green shrimp can grow in a healthy environment. In case of disease, timely measures must be taken to improve water quality, feeding medicine baits, controlling disease conditions, and reducing losses. In the selection of drugs, safety and health should be considered, and indiscriminate use of sodium pentachlorophenol, copper sulphate, malachite, various disinfectants and insecticides will cause accidents such as the death of soft-shelled shrimp and drug residues.
VII. Paying attention to the fostering of the rearing of the prawn The raising of the prawn farming has also given priority to the fostering and rearing. This will not only increase the utilization rate of the pond, increase the breeding efficiency, but also help reduce the incidence of diseases. Judging from the situation of breeding in recent years, ponds cultivating freshwater prawn year after year due to lack of certain trace elements, accumulation of pathological factors, often have a higher incidence rate, and fisheries raising and raising fisheries are relatively good. At present, it is possible to choose methods such as polyculture of shrimp, polyculture of shrimps and crabs, rotation of fish and shrimp, breeding of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and freshwater prawn, in order to increase the utilization rate of ponds and promote the healthy and sustainable development of shrimp farming.
First, pay attention to the breeding environment Green shrimp is a kind of strong environmental adaptability, in the natural environment, its water quality requirements are not high, strong resistance to disease. However, in the process of intensive cultivation, with the increase of the breeding density, the number of green shrimp in a unit volume is large, and the method of feeding and management is unscientific, the environment of water quality is poor, and it is easy to induce disease. It can be seen from the current culture of shrimp culture that whether it is pond cultivation or paddy field cultivation, the water depth is about 0.5m lower than the water depth of 1.2m, and the commercial shrimp has a small size and poor shell color, and it is susceptible to many diseases. Therefore, in the breeding process, we must first pay attention to the breeding environment. First, choose a good breeding ground, the water source is refreshing and non-polluting. First, prepare aquaculture ponds with an aquaculture pond area of ​​6-10 mu, a water depth of 1.20-1.5m, and a slope of 1:1.25 or 1:1.3. For example, the paddy field should be ploughed with shrimps, with a width of 3-5m and a ditch depth of 1m. Third, aquaculture ponds should be cleaned thoroughly every year, using 100-150kg of quicklime per metre of water, or 7.5-10kg of bromochloroheine, to completely kill wild fish and pathogenic bacteria.
Second, pay attention to the quality of seedlings The self-reproducing characteristics of the shrimp make it a wide source of seed, usually produced from lakes, rivers, ditches, reservoirs of natural young shrimp is the main source of shrimp breeding shrimp. Recently, with the promotion of the shrimp culture technology, the artificial propagation technology of pond and shrimp has been popularized. The farmers are trying to make it convenient or cost-saving. They do not change shrimps every year, they don't clear the ponds continuously, and the cultured shrimps are reared and reared. Inbreeding occurs. Severe, leading to the deterioration of its traits, small size, poor disease resistance and so on. The quality of the shrimps in North Korea has a direct impact on the quality and aquaculture production of shrimps. It is better that the shrimps sprout from the natural breeding of shrimps. The specifications are neat, the crystals are bright, and the jumping ability is strong. Artificial reproduction requires large-scale egg-holding shrimps to be parents, and conditions can be used to cross-breed high-quality male and female shrimps in the two places in order to improve the traits of the offspring.
Third, pay attention to rational stocking Reasonable control of stocking is the key to improving commodity rates. From the aquaculture situation, the ponds with the correct number and reasonable stocking have high yields, large specifications, high commodity rates, and good returns. Since the breeding of ponds cannot estimate the stocking amount, the feeding amount is not accurate, the commodity rate is low, and the benefit is not ideal. The shrimps stocked in June-July should have a specification of 140-1600-1/kg and a mu of 50,000-70,000. Such as the purchase of egg-bearing shrimp since the multiplication, it is best not to hold the eggs instead of shrimp into the pool directly into the pool, should set up breeding ponds pond breeding, until the shrimp body length 1cm after the number of stocking. Avoid excessive or too little stocking.
Fourth, pay attention to water quality management Although easy to cultivate and manage the green shrimp, the adaptability to the environment is strong, but the quality of water quality will affect the growth of shrimp and commercial shrimp quality. From a practical point of view, sloppy management, shallow water, poor water quality, and miscellaneous wild fish are often the main factors for low aquaculture production and poor aquaculture efficiency. In the management, we must first pay attention to cleaning, management, and drainage management to prevent the entry of wild fish into the aquaculture water and affect the feeding of the shrimp. Secondly, we must manage the water quality. The water color of the shrimps should be green and the water quality should be kept tender. , Fertilizer, transparency to 25-30cm is appropriate; into the shrimp stage to constantly change the water, the water is better to tender green, water quality to keep live, cool, rich in oxygen, the transparency of 30-35cm. At the same time, lime is splashed once every two weeks to increase the pH and increase the calcium ion in the water to promote healthy and rapid growth of the shrimp.
5. Pay attention to the quality of feedstuffs Green prawn is an omnivorous aquatic animal with a wide range of food habits. It feeds on plant debris, aquatic insects and various animal carcasses under natural conditions. In the case of high-density farming, quality feed is the key to high-yield culture. At present, some farmers blindly save production and production costs. They are fed or rough-processed raw materials such as sorghum, wheat bran, and soybean meal as pellets. As a result, the feed is lost more, the water quality is harder to control, the yield is lower, and the commodity shrimp has a small size. The shrimp feed should be based on high-quality and high-efficiency compound feeds, so that the feed quantity can be correctly grasped, less lost and used more, the feed coefficient can be reduced, the production cost can be reduced, the sludge deposition can be reduced, and the healthy culture can be implemented.
Six, pay attention to disease prevention In the recent years of shrimp culture, aquaculture diseases increase year by year, aquaculture benefits decline. Farming diseases should be mainly prevention and control. Clear ponds must be cleared from clear ponds, choose good species, raise good water, and cast good materials. Layers should be good for prevention and control, so that the green shrimp can grow in a healthy environment. In case of disease, timely measures must be taken to improve water quality, feeding medicine baits, controlling disease conditions, and reducing losses. In the selection of drugs, safety and health should be considered, and indiscriminate use of sodium pentachlorophenol, copper sulphate, malachite, various disinfectants and insecticides will cause accidents such as the death of soft-shelled shrimp and drug residues.
VII. Paying attention to the fostering of the rearing of the prawn The raising of the prawn farming has also given priority to the fostering and rearing. This will not only increase the utilization rate of the pond, increase the breeding efficiency, but also help reduce the incidence of diseases. Judging from the situation of breeding in recent years, ponds cultivating freshwater prawn year after year due to lack of certain trace elements, accumulation of pathological factors, often have a higher incidence rate, and fisheries raising and raising fisheries are relatively good. At present, it is possible to choose methods such as polyculture of shrimp, polyculture of shrimps and crabs, rotation of fish and shrimp, breeding of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and freshwater prawn, in order to increase the utilization rate of ponds and promote the healthy and sustainable development of shrimp farming.
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