The development of black agriculture is an important part of the city's adjustment of agricultural structure and breakthrough projects, among which the benefits of black soybeans are relatively good. According to the planting experience of Hechuan City in the past few years, black soybeans can obtain better returns according to the following cultivation techniques: 1. Selection of improved varieties: In recent years, tests in our city showed that there are black beans that are suitable for planting in southern Anhui (tested as Chongqing City's urban height 58.68 The height of cm was 16.72 cm, the number of branches was 2.53, the number of main stems was 9.65, the number of turns per plant was 21.72, the number of single plants was 43.55, the number of three plants was 5.60, and the weight of 100 was 22.49 g. The theoretical yield was 163.8. Kg/mu, the actual yield per mu is 146.5kg/mu, the growth period is 106 days.), Xiongnong black beans and other fine varieties. Second, the choice of land and soil: general open space, young fruited woodland, young mulberry gardens, high-yield alternatives for citrus, "four-sided" land, low-yield corn areas and high? Y Tian, ​​Wang Tiantian, are suitable for planting. Third, the farming system: young fruit woodland, high? Y Tian, ​​Wang Tiantian, etc., can be implemented bean - bean farming system, or bean - vegetable cultivation; corn soil can be implemented in wheat - beans - beans, wheat - bean - lotus root, Mai - jade - 苕 / / beans and other farming. Fourth, sowing date: In order to do a good job linking, does not affect the sowing of crops after the crop, must be timely sowing. However, the recent spring drought is more serious this year and should be treated differently. Spring sowing generally uses live broadcast. When the daily average temperature is stable at 12°C, it can be planted. It is appropriate to sow in late March (southern planting trial in Funan County and demonstration test in our city), and no later than mid-April. If there are water-guaranteed fields, they should be sown on March 20; otherwise, they should be caught when the rain is clear and wet. V. Soil preparation and sowing specifications: Dig earthworms as soon as possible, and open up the land after leveling the land. Specifications for the nest 25 cm, spacing 33.3 ~ 40 cm, 6500 ~ 8000 acres of sowing nest. The soil is slightly thin and soil is slightly dense. Nesting 5-6 capsules, 5-6 kg per mu. After sowing, 20 mu of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 5 kg of potassium fertilizer (or 100 kg of plant ash) were mixed with fine earth. Six, field management: 1, uniform, Dingmiao: After emergence, should promptly check the seedlings to make up for lack of uniform seedlings Dingmiao, weak to stay strong, nest two. 2. Formula fertilization: Seedling stage (20 to 25 days after sowing), mu using 35% BB fertilizer 20kg or soybean special compound fertilizer 25kg nesting; during flowering and poding period, 100g of borax is mixed with water for extra-root spray Shi. At the same time, cultivating and weeding. 3, prevention of pests, rabbits, rats hazards: seeding after sowing about 20 days, mu killing 10ml or omethoate 150 grams watered spray, control of silkworm and caterpillar. At the same time, attention should be paid to preventing the hare from biting off tenderness. Mu with insecticidal double 150 ~ 200 grams or 50% methamidophos 100 ~ 150 grams of water spray, to control aphids, bean rod fly. In the later period, white ash was used to prevent rodents, and poison baits were used to trap mice and rabbits. Seven, timely harvest: When the bean leaves yellow, plant all off green, 80% of the soybean meal was dark brown, choose sunny or cloudy harvest. With a fast shovel shovel, threshing, spread after the sun, after the net election bagging storage. Such as selling Mao (blue) soybean meal, after the drum can be listed for sale. Don't pull out the plants while harvesting, leaving the rhizobia in the soil. Harvest to the leaves (leaves are the pig's high-quality feed), bundled into a small amount of transport back to shelter from the rain and ventilation, let it cooked, turn the sun threshing. After the harvest, you can take advantage of the opportunity to plant in the fall. VIII. Storage and Precautions: The skin of the bean is easy to absorb moisture and damp. If the temperature during storage is high and the humidity is high, the germination rate will easily be lost, and even the mold will deteriorate, the commodity rate will be low, and the economic efficiency will be poor. Therefore, it should be placed in a dry, ventilated, and low temperature condition. It can be installed in sacks. In the condition of water content of 12-14%, the height of storks is not more than 1 meter; stacking height is not more than 6 bags. If the number of seeds is small, the altar can be used for storage. Usually, a small amount of lime is added to the bottom of the algae to absorb the moisture, then it is put on a sack, and then the sun-cooled seeds are put into the altar. Finally, the altar is sealed with a plastic sheet and placed in a cool and cool place. When sowing, do not use chemical fertilizer as a seed fertilizer, in particular, do not use nitrogen-containing fertilizer or superphosphate seed dressing; do not apply concentrated sewage. Do not sow in rain or rain. Adhere to uniform, Dingmiao, do not be greedy, to ensure that individuals develop well. Avoid exposure to cement or "triple soil" and slate surface to avoid breaking skin to prevent damage to protein structure, affecting seed quality (germination rate) and commodity quality. Allow to cool to dry after storage. Should change crops for rotation.
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