Dryland agricultural production technology is mainly through the comprehensive application of various agronomic, cover, biology, engineering, and agrochemical technologies, coordinated with the relationship between soil, fertilizer, water, light, and heat, and made full use of rainwater measures. Articles to improve the utilization of precipitation. The key to the success of dry farming is three important technical aspects: First, water storage, second, preservation, and third, variety and agronomics. Water storage refers to the establishment of soil reservoirs, which fully absorb rainwater accumulating in the soil through terrace construction, deep plowing, and high-altitude cultivation for the growth and utilization of crops in the coming year; Baozhe means minimizing evaporation loss of soil moisture through techniques such as conservation tillage and cover. Variety and agronomic techniques are mainly for the rational use of soil moisture and increase production.
The key to dryland water-saving technology lies in the rational combination of measures in accordance with local conditions to complement each other's technological advantages, improve the overall drought-resistance capability of drought, and play a role in the improvement of the ecological environment.
Slope-to-slope cultivation of raw soil and high-yielding cultivation techniques: determine the width of the terrace field according to the slope, repair the terraces in the loess area, and repair the stone terraces in the earth-rock mountainous area. The thickness of the upper body in the terrace is not less than 25 cm. Deeply plowing the soil in the year, adding organic fertilizers, increasing the amount of chemical fertilizers by 30%, and determining the mulching and cultivation techniques according to the situation. The straw is returned to the farm in the second year and fertilizer is determined according to the production target. For three consecutive years, the terraced soil production capacity has been stable and high yield.
Rill and ridge tillage and cover technology: In any gentle slopes in areas with a rainfall of 400 mm or more, ridges can also be formed along the contours in accordance with the crop varieties cultivated in depressions, tablelands, or horizontal terraces. When plowing, use a mountain plough or a plow twice to deepen till 25 cm. It is best to open trenches, fertilize, sow, ridging, and plastic film covering in arid areas. Choose good varieties, support high-yielding cultivation techniques, and apply chemical fertilizers deeply. Autumn straw returns. When applied to depressions, mesas, terraces, and horizontal terraces, the use of mechanical or animal power can be used to reduce the labor intensity and speed up the progress of the project.
Straw cover and retentive tillage techniques: After autumn crops are harvested, crop straw or crop residues are left on the soil surface to minimize unnecessary field tillage. According to the number of crop residues and crop varieties, full coverage, strip coverage, and furrow coverage can be performed. At the time of sowing, the cultivation methods (ridge cultivating, cultivating tillage, tilling tillage, etc.) are determined according to soil moisture conditions and planting crops. Every year crop straw is returned to the field. Strips can be planted and covered for rotation. Retention agriculture should pay attention to the choice of equipment.
Water Cellar (Pool) Collecting Rainwater Supplementing Irrigation Technology Supporting Agricultural System Reform: Collect rainwater by collecting rainwater and store it in a small water storage pit (or reservoir). Water storage pit (pool) 30-150 cubic meters. Configure water-saving irrigation equipment (such as drip irrigation, pipe irrigation, etc.). In conjunction with natural precipitation, when the impact of drought on the crops, timely recharge of crops. Crops are preferably corn or cash crops. Apply plastic film or straw to cover the soil.
The mulching of soil covered by mulching film: According to the precipitation, deep plowing in autumn is more than 25 cm, and the ploughing is done after harvesting. Mu uses about 4,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer. Level land and open double furrows. The wide and narrow lines are 110 centimeters wide, of which 60 centimeters are declared, 50 centimeters are narrow, 55 centimeters are kept on the surface of the ridge membrane, and the ridge height is 8-10 centimeters. On the ridge surface, two small ditches are opened 35 cm apart, 4-5 cm deep and 8-10 cm wide. According to the soil moisture condition, after planting, cover or cover first and sow, and finally keep the membrane surface to form two small ridges. Supporting formula fertilization and high-yielding cultivation techniques.
Grain fertility (grass and meridian) is divided into belts for rotation: along the slope contour lines, ridges are ridden and planted in the ridge belts according to the crop rotation system of grain, summer green manure and grains, oil, and beans. The width of the ridge zone is determined according to the crop species and ecological conditions.
Drought-resistant water-retaining agent technology: seed dressing with drought-resistant water-retaining agent: Add 0.4-0.6 kg water-retaining agent per 10 kg of seeds. First moisten the seeds with water, then mix the water-retaining agent (seed-dressing agent) with the same amount of fine soil, stir the seeds evenly to make them adhere evenly to the seeds, and sow after the seeds are soaked; apply the water-retaining agent to the soil: Mu with a water-retaining agent 1.5 to 2 kg, mixed with the agricultural fertilizer, and then applied or strips (ditch) applied to the soil, mixed with the soil.
The key to dryland water-saving technology lies in the rational combination of measures in accordance with local conditions to complement each other's technological advantages, improve the overall drought-resistance capability of drought, and play a role in the improvement of the ecological environment.
Slope-to-slope cultivation of raw soil and high-yielding cultivation techniques: determine the width of the terrace field according to the slope, repair the terraces in the loess area, and repair the stone terraces in the earth-rock mountainous area. The thickness of the upper body in the terrace is not less than 25 cm. Deeply plowing the soil in the year, adding organic fertilizers, increasing the amount of chemical fertilizers by 30%, and determining the mulching and cultivation techniques according to the situation. The straw is returned to the farm in the second year and fertilizer is determined according to the production target. For three consecutive years, the terraced soil production capacity has been stable and high yield.
Rill and ridge tillage and cover technology: In any gentle slopes in areas with a rainfall of 400 mm or more, ridges can also be formed along the contours in accordance with the crop varieties cultivated in depressions, tablelands, or horizontal terraces. When plowing, use a mountain plough or a plow twice to deepen till 25 cm. It is best to open trenches, fertilize, sow, ridging, and plastic film covering in arid areas. Choose good varieties, support high-yielding cultivation techniques, and apply chemical fertilizers deeply. Autumn straw returns. When applied to depressions, mesas, terraces, and horizontal terraces, the use of mechanical or animal power can be used to reduce the labor intensity and speed up the progress of the project.
Straw cover and retentive tillage techniques: After autumn crops are harvested, crop straw or crop residues are left on the soil surface to minimize unnecessary field tillage. According to the number of crop residues and crop varieties, full coverage, strip coverage, and furrow coverage can be performed. At the time of sowing, the cultivation methods (ridge cultivating, cultivating tillage, tilling tillage, etc.) are determined according to soil moisture conditions and planting crops. Every year crop straw is returned to the field. Strips can be planted and covered for rotation. Retention agriculture should pay attention to the choice of equipment.
Water Cellar (Pool) Collecting Rainwater Supplementing Irrigation Technology Supporting Agricultural System Reform: Collect rainwater by collecting rainwater and store it in a small water storage pit (or reservoir). Water storage pit (pool) 30-150 cubic meters. Configure water-saving irrigation equipment (such as drip irrigation, pipe irrigation, etc.). In conjunction with natural precipitation, when the impact of drought on the crops, timely recharge of crops. Crops are preferably corn or cash crops. Apply plastic film or straw to cover the soil.
The mulching of soil covered by mulching film: According to the precipitation, deep plowing in autumn is more than 25 cm, and the ploughing is done after harvesting. Mu uses about 4,000 kilograms of organic fertilizer. Level land and open double furrows. The wide and narrow lines are 110 centimeters wide, of which 60 centimeters are declared, 50 centimeters are narrow, 55 centimeters are kept on the surface of the ridge membrane, and the ridge height is 8-10 centimeters. On the ridge surface, two small ditches are opened 35 cm apart, 4-5 cm deep and 8-10 cm wide. According to the soil moisture condition, after planting, cover or cover first and sow, and finally keep the membrane surface to form two small ridges. Supporting formula fertilization and high-yielding cultivation techniques.
Grain fertility (grass and meridian) is divided into belts for rotation: along the slope contour lines, ridges are ridden and planted in the ridge belts according to the crop rotation system of grain, summer green manure and grains, oil, and beans. The width of the ridge zone is determined according to the crop species and ecological conditions.
Drought-resistant water-retaining agent technology: seed dressing with drought-resistant water-retaining agent: Add 0.4-0.6 kg water-retaining agent per 10 kg of seeds. First moisten the seeds with water, then mix the water-retaining agent (seed-dressing agent) with the same amount of fine soil, stir the seeds evenly to make them adhere evenly to the seeds, and sow after the seeds are soaked; apply the water-retaining agent to the soil: Mu with a water-retaining agent 1.5 to 2 kg, mixed with the agricultural fertilizer, and then applied or strips (ditch) applied to the soil, mixed with the soil.
Organic Rice refers to the Rice planted in the process of planting rice, using natural organic cultivation methods, and completely using natural farming methods. Organic rice must be a good quality rice variety recommended by the planting improvement field, and chemical fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators cannot be used during the cultivation process.
Organic Rice
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