Ornamental peppers are perennial herbs belonging to the Solanaceae family, but they are commonly grown as annuals. These plants are ideal for indoor or container gardening, offering both aesthetic appeal and culinary value.
**1. Morphological and Biological Characteristics**
Ornamental peppers have underdeveloped root systems, with upright stems that become woody as they age. They exhibit strong branching, often forming double or triple branches. The plant height ranges from 30 to 60 cm. Leaves are alternate, ovate-lanceolate or oblong in shape, with a petiole and entire margins. Small flowers appear singly or in clusters on the branches, featuring a five-lobed corolla in colors such as white, green, purple, or violet. Flowering occurs from June to September. The fruits are erect or slightly upward-facing, varying in shape depending on the variety—such as long fingers, cherries, pyramids, horns, or wind bells. Fruit colors include yellow, red, orange, purple, white, and green, and the fruiting period lasts 8–10 months.
**2. Major Cultivars**
**2.1 Bergamot Pepper**: This compact variety grows up to 30 cm tall with strong branching. Its conical fruits resemble bergamot, with lengths of 4–5 cm. Fruits start milky white and gradually turn yellow, orange, or red. They are very spicy and highly ornamental.
**2.2 Cherry Pepper**: Small and round like cherries, these fruits measure about 1 cm in diameter. They change color during maturation, starting purple and turning light purple, yellow, or orange before finally becoming bright red. A single plant can display multiple colors simultaneously, making it visually striking.
**2.3 Pearl Pepper**: This dwarf variety reaches 20–25 cm in height, with a beautiful, compact form. Its small, spherical fruits are 0.5–0.8 cm in diameter, with a spicy flavor. Fruits start white and turn bright red when mature. It is shade-tolerant, easy to care for, and ideal for indoor use.
**2.4 Horn Pepper**: Upright in growth, this variety has slender fruits measuring 2–3 cm long. The fruits stand straight and point forward, changing from green to orange and then to red. Other forms include bell peppers, horn peppers, and sun peppers.
**3. Environmental Requirements**
Native to the Americas, ornamental peppers thrive in warm, sunny environments. They prefer temperatures between 25–28°C and require well-drained, fertile soil. They are not drought-tolerant and are sensitive to frost. As short-day plants, they need moderate light; too much can cause sunburn, while too little delays flowering and reduces yield.
**4. Cultivation Techniques**
**4.1 Seedling and Planting Methods**
Ornamental peppers are typically started indoors in March using seed trays or pots. Water sowing is common, with shallow coverage. Germination occurs at 25°C, and seedlings emerge within a week. After two to three true leaves appear, they are transplanted. In late April or early May, when the weather warms, they are moved outdoors or into larger containers. For open fields, rows are spaced 50–60 cm apart, with 33–40 cm between plants. Potted plants should be placed in 18–20 cm diameter containers filled with nutrient-rich soil.
**4.2 Care and Maintenance**
These plants grow vigorously and require minimal care if properly fertilized. Pruning after the seedlings reach 10–15 cm helps maintain a neat appearance. During active growth, applying 1–2 doses of liquid fertilizer promotes lush foliage. Once flowering begins, water should be controlled to prevent flower drop and improve fruit set. Adding phosphate fertilizer during this time enhances fruit production. Potted plants can be moved indoors in winter to extend the fruiting season.
**4.3 Pest and Disease Control**
Common pests include aphids and mites, while diseases such as viral infections, anthracnose, and blight may occur. Aphids can be managed with a 200–300 times dilution of insecticide No. 1, applied every 10 days for 2–3 treatments. Diseases can be treated with agricultural streptomycin (200 mg/L) or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder (600 times dilution). Regular monitoring and timely treatment ensure healthy growth.
Nucleic Acid (DNA/RNA) Extraction Kit
1. Introduction
The total viral nucleic acid extraction kit is suitable for extracting total viral nucleic acid from serum, plasma, tissue homogenate and other samples. The kit is based on silica column purification technology, which eliminates the need for toxic phenol-chloroform extraction and time-consuming alcohol precipitation. This product has successfully extracted nucleic acids from hepatitis B A/C, hepatitis C, and norovirus standard. The obtained DNA/RNA can be directly used in a series of downstream experiments such as PCR, RT-PCR, and LAMP.
Notice:
1. The carrier RNA solid must be dissolved in Nuclease Free Water to 1µg/µl before use, and vortex to dissolve. Store in aliquots at -70°C. If you need to store it at -20℃ for a long time, please repackage it according to the number of times of use.
2. Dissolve Proteinase K (20mg/ml): Add Proteinase Dissolve Buffer to dissolve Proteinase K to a final concentration of 20mg/ml. Proteinase K dry powder can be stored at 2-8°C for one year, but dissolved Proteinase K must be stored in aliquots at -20°C. Repeated freezing and thawing of Proteinase K can affect its activity.
3. Buffer VHB must be diluted with 14 ml absolute ethanol before use and stored at room temperature.
4. Buffer RW2 must be diluted with 80 ml of absolute ethanol before use and stored at room temperature.
3. Shelf life
Except for Proteinase K and Carrier RNA, other components of this product can be stored at room temperature (15-25°C) for 12 months, and should be stored at 2-8°C for long-term storage. Proteinase K and Carrier RNA dry powder are transported at room temperature. Please store at -20°C after receiving the test product, and store at -20°C after dissolving.
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