The rainbow trout is also known as red tilapia and red tilapia, which is a hybrid crossbreed of Nile tilapia and Mozambique tilapia. The color of the rainbow is bright red, no black peritoneum, looks like red fleas, and less thick thorns. It ingests green algae in the water and makes the meat rich in chlorophyll. The meat is fresh and refreshing, but it can also be a skin moisturizer. Seen tonics of tropical fish. In adult fish breeding, because of its bright color, large individuals, fast growth, and high yield, it can be used for single-cultivation or polyculture, and it can also be used in cages or paddy fields for aquaculture. It is generally respected.
1, pond single raising
1.1 Choosing a pond breeding pond should be selected in places sheltered from the wind, sunny, abundant water, fresh water, no pollution, quiet, and convenient transportation. Ponds are east to west and rectangular, with an area of ​​3 to 5 mu, water depth of 1.5 to 2m, pond bottom mud thickness It is 20-30cm. Each pond is equipped with a 1.5kW impeller aerator. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the regulation of pond water temperature. The temperature range for rainbow cockroaches is 20-35°C, and the optimum temperature is 25-34°C. When the temperature drops below 16°C, it rarely eats or stops feeding. Its minimum survival temperature is 4°C, and the maximum temperature is 42°C. Although its temperature capability is stronger than that of other tilapia species, its temperature should be controlled within its appropriate temperature range to create conditions for its rapid and healthy growth.
1.2 Clear pond fertilization Before stocking fish, clear ponds should be disinfected first. Usually in the middle of April. Each acre with lime 75 ~ 100kg clear pond, 7 days after adding water about 1m, and then per acre Shi Ren human and animal manure 300 ~ 400kg, in order to fertilize the water quality, the pool can also be placed in a small amount of Almond or Hongping.
1.3 Reasonable stocking of ponds with a depth of 1.5m, 4 to 5cm per mu can be stocked with 3000 to 5,000 rainbow trout species, and the yield per mu can reach 300 to 500kg. Here, we also introduce a method of adult fish rearing on a wheeled catcher wheel. The technical point is that when the water temperature stabilizes at or above 20°C in mid-April, the fish should be put into the pool and the rainbow trout with a tail weight of about 50 g per mu should be stocked. 1,500 tails, together with 100g of white pheasant 150g, 50g of freshwater white pheasant. After four months of feeding, rainbow trout can grow to commercial fish with a tail weight of about 400g, which can be listed through fishing or fishing. By mid-August, the second stocking can be carried out, and 1000 to 1500 rainbow trout species weighing more than 50g per acre are bred to the wintering season and can be grown to the commercial fish size.
1.4 Intensive feeding The rainbow trout should be domesticated when fed. It can't catch food and it is fierce, so the domestication time should be extended to 1 to 1.5 hours. After 10 days of continuous domestication, the fry basically eats normally and can be fed normally. The food of the rainbow trout is very wide. It is an omnivorous fish dominated by plant foods, and it is highly gluttonous and has a large food intake. In the conditions of artificial rearing, various feeds can be fed, such as wheat, corn, cakes, etc. are all of its high-quality feed. The protein content in the initial feed should be 32% to 35%, and the daily feed volume should be 3% to 5% of the total fish body weight. When the individual specifications grow to about 200g, the feeding amount can be adjusted to 2% of the total weight of the fish, and the protein content in the feed is guaranteed to be 27% to 29%. When the individual reaches about 300 g, the rainbow trout enters the fastest growing period. The daily feed is maintained at 1% to 2% of the fish's body weight and the protein content in the feed is above 35%. The feed can be self-mixed, but it is best processed into pellets. At the same time, add at least once a week to supplement vitamin C in the feed. In the feeding method, we must emphasize the "four principles" principle. Rainbow cockroaches grow fastest at 25-34°C, and should increase the amount of feeding; reduce or stop feeding in bad weather such as rainy, hot and humid. Feed twice a day at 8 to 9 am and 3 to 4 pm. There are still 2 to 3 bait stations per mu of ponds for fixed feeding.
1.5 Strengthening Management
1.5.1 day and night patrol ponds to measure the water temperature, temperature 3 times a day, once a week to measure the pH value, measured 2 times the transparency. In the morning and at night, the patrol ponds will be ready for a breeding diary.
1.5.2 Adjusting the water quality After the fish species is under the pond, keep the pool water dark brown with a transparency of 25-30 cm. Fertilizers are generally applied once a week, each time human and animal manure is applied, and the dosage is 150-200 kg per mu. When the weather is clear and the transparency of the water body is greater than 30cm, the amount of fertilizer can be appropriately increased. When the water quality is too fat, the fertilizer should be reduced or stopped, and new water should be injected. In the hot season, the water is changed 1 to 2 times a week, and 20 to 30% of the pool water is changed every time.
1.5.3 Prevention and treatment of fish diseases First of all, it is necessary to adhere to healthy culture, and operate according to regulations to prevent problems. Second, we must do a good job of prevention: First, seed disinfection, seedlings with a 5% solution of saline or 0.1 mg/L potassium permanganate solution to soak the fish for 10 to 15 minutes before the next tank; second, regular disinfection, every 10 to 15 days of lime by 15 ~ 20kg per acre of water Quanchiposa, 1 or 2 times a month to adjust the pH of the pool water to slightly alkaline, with biological agents to improve the microbial structure of the pond, improve water quality; third is to start oxygen, when dissolved Oxygen is low when the oxygen is low and the fish has a slight floating head.
1.5.4 Balancing the market of rainbow trout is a tropical fish. It is easy to die when the weather is cold from around October to November. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to a balanced market in peacetime. Where conditions permit, it is advisable to stock early and multiply seedlings or to raise wintering seedlings early for the morning market.
2, polyculture and polyculture generally refers to fertilizer ponds in the increase of feed, do not reduce the stocking density of the fish, stocking a certain amount of rainbow trout. Often in the breeding of four major fish ponds, with stocking 200-1000 per acre with rainbow 鲷 winter spring films. When the water temperature is maintained above 18°C, fish species can be released. General rearing of fish weighing about 10 to 15g. In the second half of the year, the average tail weight is 150-200g, of which males are more than 300g. It is also possible to carry out nesting in the fingerling pool, that is, after the fish at the bottom of the fish is planted in the pond, 300 to 500 tails of rainbow trout are added per acre, and more than 70 kg of rainbow trout having a tail weight of 150 g or more can be harvested in the autumn. In order to prevent growth in the pool from affecting growth, only male fish may be mixed in the pond.
3. Rainbow cages for cage culture can be single-cultured and mixed-cultured in cages, and their culture technology is the same as cage culture. The guarantee for the high yield of rainbow trout culture in cage culture is to stock large-sized fish species, and the tail weight is better than 50g. The stocking time is around mid-May. When the water temperature is stable above 20°C, the stocking amount should be 3 to 20kg per cubic meter. Under cage culture conditions, full-priced compound feeds should be fed and supplemented with green feed. The formulation of the full-price compound feed is: fishmeal 30%, bean cake 20%, flour 15%, corn flour 15%, bran 15%, yeast 2.5%, mineral 2%, vitamin 0.5%. The content of protein in feed must reach 35% or more.
4. Paddy farming in paddy fields is the cultivation of rice within the field, the stocking of rainbow trout, can remove pests and weeds in rice fields, can save the rice field insect removal, weeding the character cost. As the fish move in the field, they can loosen the soil. The fish's excrement contains a large amount of nitrogen and also provides fertilizer for rice growth, which can increase rice production by 5 to 15%, and can produce rainbow trout 20 to 50 kg per mu. Paddy fields should be raised and reinforced when they are in the field, and trenches should be dug in the fields. Usually when the seedlings return to green, the fish can be placed. Each acre put 5 ~ 6cm 200 ~ 300 species of fish, if you can cast fertilizer can be increased to 400 ~ 500 stocking per acre. Usually pay special attention to prevent the enemy from escape.
1, pond single raising
1.1 Choosing a pond breeding pond should be selected in places sheltered from the wind, sunny, abundant water, fresh water, no pollution, quiet, and convenient transportation. Ponds are east to west and rectangular, with an area of ​​3 to 5 mu, water depth of 1.5 to 2m, pond bottom mud thickness It is 20-30cm. Each pond is equipped with a 1.5kW impeller aerator. At the same time, we must also pay attention to the regulation of pond water temperature. The temperature range for rainbow cockroaches is 20-35°C, and the optimum temperature is 25-34°C. When the temperature drops below 16°C, it rarely eats or stops feeding. Its minimum survival temperature is 4°C, and the maximum temperature is 42°C. Although its temperature capability is stronger than that of other tilapia species, its temperature should be controlled within its appropriate temperature range to create conditions for its rapid and healthy growth.
1.2 Clear pond fertilization Before stocking fish, clear ponds should be disinfected first. Usually in the middle of April. Each acre with lime 75 ~ 100kg clear pond, 7 days after adding water about 1m, and then per acre Shi Ren human and animal manure 300 ~ 400kg, in order to fertilize the water quality, the pool can also be placed in a small amount of Almond or Hongping.
1.3 Reasonable stocking of ponds with a depth of 1.5m, 4 to 5cm per mu can be stocked with 3000 to 5,000 rainbow trout species, and the yield per mu can reach 300 to 500kg. Here, we also introduce a method of adult fish rearing on a wheeled catcher wheel. The technical point is that when the water temperature stabilizes at or above 20°C in mid-April, the fish should be put into the pool and the rainbow trout with a tail weight of about 50 g per mu should be stocked. 1,500 tails, together with 100g of white pheasant 150g, 50g of freshwater white pheasant. After four months of feeding, rainbow trout can grow to commercial fish with a tail weight of about 400g, which can be listed through fishing or fishing. By mid-August, the second stocking can be carried out, and 1000 to 1500 rainbow trout species weighing more than 50g per acre are bred to the wintering season and can be grown to the commercial fish size.
1.4 Intensive feeding The rainbow trout should be domesticated when fed. It can't catch food and it is fierce, so the domestication time should be extended to 1 to 1.5 hours. After 10 days of continuous domestication, the fry basically eats normally and can be fed normally. The food of the rainbow trout is very wide. It is an omnivorous fish dominated by plant foods, and it is highly gluttonous and has a large food intake. In the conditions of artificial rearing, various feeds can be fed, such as wheat, corn, cakes, etc. are all of its high-quality feed. The protein content in the initial feed should be 32% to 35%, and the daily feed volume should be 3% to 5% of the total fish body weight. When the individual specifications grow to about 200g, the feeding amount can be adjusted to 2% of the total weight of the fish, and the protein content in the feed is guaranteed to be 27% to 29%. When the individual reaches about 300 g, the rainbow trout enters the fastest growing period. The daily feed is maintained at 1% to 2% of the fish's body weight and the protein content in the feed is above 35%. The feed can be self-mixed, but it is best processed into pellets. At the same time, add at least once a week to supplement vitamin C in the feed. In the feeding method, we must emphasize the "four principles" principle. Rainbow cockroaches grow fastest at 25-34°C, and should increase the amount of feeding; reduce or stop feeding in bad weather such as rainy, hot and humid. Feed twice a day at 8 to 9 am and 3 to 4 pm. There are still 2 to 3 bait stations per mu of ponds for fixed feeding.
1.5 Strengthening Management
1.5.1 day and night patrol ponds to measure the water temperature, temperature 3 times a day, once a week to measure the pH value, measured 2 times the transparency. In the morning and at night, the patrol ponds will be ready for a breeding diary.
1.5.2 Adjusting the water quality After the fish species is under the pond, keep the pool water dark brown with a transparency of 25-30 cm. Fertilizers are generally applied once a week, each time human and animal manure is applied, and the dosage is 150-200 kg per mu. When the weather is clear and the transparency of the water body is greater than 30cm, the amount of fertilizer can be appropriately increased. When the water quality is too fat, the fertilizer should be reduced or stopped, and new water should be injected. In the hot season, the water is changed 1 to 2 times a week, and 20 to 30% of the pool water is changed every time.
1.5.3 Prevention and treatment of fish diseases First of all, it is necessary to adhere to healthy culture, and operate according to regulations to prevent problems. Second, we must do a good job of prevention: First, seed disinfection, seedlings with a 5% solution of saline or 0.1 mg/L potassium permanganate solution to soak the fish for 10 to 15 minutes before the next tank; second, regular disinfection, every 10 to 15 days of lime by 15 ~ 20kg per acre of water Quanchiposa, 1 or 2 times a month to adjust the pH of the pool water to slightly alkaline, with biological agents to improve the microbial structure of the pond, improve water quality; third is to start oxygen, when dissolved Oxygen is low when the oxygen is low and the fish has a slight floating head.
1.5.4 Balancing the market of rainbow trout is a tropical fish. It is easy to die when the weather is cold from around October to November. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to a balanced market in peacetime. Where conditions permit, it is advisable to stock early and multiply seedlings or to raise wintering seedlings early for the morning market.
2, polyculture and polyculture generally refers to fertilizer ponds in the increase of feed, do not reduce the stocking density of the fish, stocking a certain amount of rainbow trout. Often in the breeding of four major fish ponds, with stocking 200-1000 per acre with rainbow 鲷 winter spring films. When the water temperature is maintained above 18°C, fish species can be released. General rearing of fish weighing about 10 to 15g. In the second half of the year, the average tail weight is 150-200g, of which males are more than 300g. It is also possible to carry out nesting in the fingerling pool, that is, after the fish at the bottom of the fish is planted in the pond, 300 to 500 tails of rainbow trout are added per acre, and more than 70 kg of rainbow trout having a tail weight of 150 g or more can be harvested in the autumn. In order to prevent growth in the pool from affecting growth, only male fish may be mixed in the pond.
3. Rainbow cages for cage culture can be single-cultured and mixed-cultured in cages, and their culture technology is the same as cage culture. The guarantee for the high yield of rainbow trout culture in cage culture is to stock large-sized fish species, and the tail weight is better than 50g. The stocking time is around mid-May. When the water temperature is stable above 20°C, the stocking amount should be 3 to 20kg per cubic meter. Under cage culture conditions, full-priced compound feeds should be fed and supplemented with green feed. The formulation of the full-price compound feed is: fishmeal 30%, bean cake 20%, flour 15%, corn flour 15%, bran 15%, yeast 2.5%, mineral 2%, vitamin 0.5%. The content of protein in feed must reach 35% or more.
4. Paddy farming in paddy fields is the cultivation of rice within the field, the stocking of rainbow trout, can remove pests and weeds in rice fields, can save the rice field insect removal, weeding the character cost. As the fish move in the field, they can loosen the soil. The fish's excrement contains a large amount of nitrogen and also provides fertilizer for rice growth, which can increase rice production by 5 to 15%, and can produce rainbow trout 20 to 50 kg per mu. Paddy fields should be raised and reinforced when they are in the field, and trenches should be dug in the fields. Usually when the seedlings return to green, the fish can be placed. Each acre put 5 ~ 6cm 200 ~ 300 species of fish, if you can cast fertilizer can be increased to 400 ~ 500 stocking per acre. Usually pay special attention to prevent the enemy from escape.
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