Techniques for breeding fingerlings

The cultivation of fine-scale bream fish species refers to the process of cultivating summer fish species into 6-9 cm large-scale wintering species. The use of ponds, cement pools, cages, and bays, etc., is the most commonly used method of combining pond cultivation in the previous period and wintering cultivation in the latter. The following highlights this type of cultivation.
(I) Pre-cultivation of fish fingerlings The pre-cultivation fish fingerlings are cultivated in ponds. In production, they refer to the cultivation process from the breeding of summer fingerlings to the breeding period before entering the wintering pond.
1. The pond conditions are basically the same as the fry cultivation ponds, with an area of ​​2 to 5 mu and a water depth of 1.5 to 2.0 meters.
2. Before the stocking, prepare the summer fish species before stocking, as before the fry stocking, it is necessary to disinfect the whole pond and remove the predators, apply enough base fertilizer, and cultivate the water quality, so that the summer fish can feed on the rich natural food after squatting. . Therefore, 5-10 days before stocking, the application of mixed compost, livestock and poultry manure, etc., the amount of basic fertilizer is slightly more than the fry pool.
3. The stocking densities were determined according to the factors such as the size of the summer fish species, the size of the pond, the depth of the water level, the quality of the water, the timing and specifications of the species and the type and quality of the feed. Fish ponds are in good condition and they can stock 20,000-30,000 pigs per acre. Fish ponds in general conditions, stocking 10,000-15,000 per acre. Stocking of summer fish requires healthy and disease-free physique, complete scales, lively and lively, strong water capacity, neat specifications.
4. Feed Management In order to meet the growth needs of L. squamosa, timely adjustment of feed type, feeding amount and feeding frequency are the key technologies to ensure rapid growth of fingerlings.
(1) Types of feeds Fine-grained sea bream fish species Early in stocking, due to young fish and poor feeding capacity, powder No. 4 can be used to add even a small amount of blood powder and then fed to the pond for feeding. With the individual's growth, when the fish species have been concentrated on the food table, they can be fed artificial pellet feed. The requirement for the crude protein content in the feed of the squama species is about 30%. Because of the complex nature of the scales, when determining their artificial feed formula, feed ingredients can be selected according to local conditions. In principle, the animal protein content of the early fish feed should be higher, and can be reduced as the fish grows. The content of animal protein in feed increases the content of plant protein so that feed costs can be reduced. The commonly used feed ingredients are: fish meal, silkworm cocoon, blood meal, meat and bone meal, bean cakes (boiled clams), rapeseed cakes (bismuth), No. 4 flour, bran, rice bran, and corn.
(2) Feeding Technology Feeding is a regular work in the breeding of fingerlings. The level of feeding technology is directly affecting the growth and feed efficiency of L. striata. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the principles of feeding, timing, positioning, quality, and quantity.
1 Feeding Times and Times: The number of feedings refers to feeding in several times after the daily feed is determined. Fine scales are omnivorous fish that have stomachs. The maximum weight gain can be achieved by feeding them 2-3 times a day. Under normal circumstances, the time of feeding each day should be relatively stable, and they should be fed once a week at 8-9 am and at 2-3 pm in the event of high temperatures. Feeding time in the afternoon can be postponed to 3-4 hours. In the morning, if there is a floating phenomenon in the fish, it should be fed again 1-2 hours after normal. In case of heavy rain or hot weather, feeding or temporary stoppage should be postponed.
2 Feeding methods: The early season of Xiahuatang, which is a species of squama, can be directly baited around the pond with No. 4 powder plus a small amount of blood powder mixed or made into small soft granules. After a week of domestication, S. squamosa has formed conditioned reflexes and can concentrate on feeding in the food field. At this point, pellet feed should be used to directly feed the erected food table. After the summer fish species are stocked in the pond, they should set up a food table. The food table is usually made of lush or woven bags (or polyethylene mesh), and the four corners are fixed at a distance of about 1 m from the shore and 50-60 cm below the water surface. The size of the food platform should be such that it does not affect the feeding of the fish species and will not cause overcrowding. Generally, there are 1-2 food stations per acre, and the area of ​​food table is 1-2 square meters.
3 Feeding amount: Feeding the amount of feed should in principle ensure that it is good to eat and eat, but the remaining is good. When the species of summer fish is stocked, it is already summer. It is usually better to eat within one hour after each feed. In autumn, after feeding, the fish species can have 2 hours of feeding time; if it exceeds the above time, there is still a lot of feed remaining, indicating that the amount of feed to be fed is excessive and should be reduced appropriately; otherwise, the feed is to be eaten in a very short period of time. After that, it means that the amount of feed to be fed is insufficient and should be increased in an appropriate amount as appropriate. When feeding feed, if the weather is not normal, or the air pressure is low and stuffy, the amount of feed should be reduced before and after the thunderstorm. The water quality is too fat or is about to deteriorate. In addition to reducing the amount of feeding, new water or pool water should be added. Reasonable feed feeding not only requires the feeding and management personnel to carefully check the feeding conditions of the fish, but also timely adjust the feeding amount according to the specific conditions such as feed quality, pool water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and the like.
5. The day-to-day management of daily management is centered on water quality management, and specific work should be done as follows.
(1) The patrol pond should inspect the pond once a day in the morning to observe the dynamics of water color and fish, especially the situation of floating heads, to master the water quality. In the afternoon, the patrol pond should be combined with feeding and inspection of fish feeding conditions. If problems are found, measures should be taken in time. Solve it.
(2) Strengthening water quality management This is the central task of daily management. After nearly a month of cultivation, the summer fish species have seen continuous growth of fish and excreta. With a large number of feedings, the color of the fish gradually turns thicker and the water quality deteriorates. At this time, it is the late summer and early autumn season. The low content of dissolved oxygen, the large temperature difference between day and night, and the easily deteriorating water quality, will all seriously affect the growth of the species. Therefore, in order to facilitate the life and growth of fish species, water quality management must be strengthened. Take regular new water, replace some of the old water if necessary, raise the water level to improve the water quality, and increase the oxygen content in the pool water. Generally, water is injected 2-3 times a month. When the temperature is high, in the places where conditions are met, an aerator should be provided to improve the dissolved oxygen in the pool water, so that the dissolved oxygen in the upper and lower pool water can be distributed evenly to avoid the large temperature difference between day and night. Causes the lack of oxygen in the pool water, fish floating heads, and even death.
(3) Do a good job of preventing disease. Always clean the food table. The food table is generally cleaned every 2-3 days. Every two weeks, it is disinfected with bleaching powder (amount of 0.3-0.5 kg). Frequent removal of poolside weeds, corruption, etc.
6. After wintering in Tongtang, the artificially propagated fine-skinned carp seedlings that have been breeding in July are cultivated until mid-October. The fish species have grown to 5–6 cm. At this time, the temperature has begun to decline, the water temperature has dropped to 18–20°C, and the food intake has decreased significantly. And even stop eating. At this time, the fish species should be put out of the pond in time, and they should be transferred to wintering pools according to the specifications and size respectively. Otherwise, it will cause frostbite death.
The specific operation method for fish species out of the pond is to stop feeding for 4 to 5 days before leaving the pond, and to perform net-pulling exercises. To carry out long-distance transportation, it is necessary not only to exercise through the first and second nets, but also to carry out exercises. Hanging boxes, after a longer period of exercise, make the fish species more adaptable to the dense environment. Then select the weather with clear weather, no wind, and water temperature above 20°C to pull the net out of the pond. After the fish species emerged from the pond, they were counted in the size, screened, counted, and disinfected, and then moved into the wintering pond. When sieving and drawing out the net, the operation must be carefully done to prevent fish from being injured. Fingerling disinfection is performed with a concentration of 1-2 mg/L of methylene blue or potassium permanganate or 10% saline bath for 30 minutes.

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